Assess the Psychological well being among Nurses

 

Dr. Karpagavalli Nageswaran¹*, Dr. Sundari Apte²

¹Professor, IQ City Institute of Nursing Sciences, Durgapur, Kolkata

²Asst Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Nursing, Pune. Maharashtra.

 

ABSTRACT:

Nursing is invariably considered a stressful occupation within the healthcare system, these may negatively affect the health status of nurses, which might then hinder their professional performance and affect the quality of healthcare provided.  Keeping in view of this issue and reviews motivate the researchers to conduct this present research. The research design adopted for this study is non experimental descriptive survey design. Non probability convenient sampling was adopted. The tool used in this study section I: demographic data and section II: Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (18 items). In demographic data in most of the sample belong to categories of age 25-40 years (65%), in gender female (83.5%),, education GNM(36%),  in designation staff nurse(64%), experience  2-5 years and 5-8 years(26%) and Hindu religion(80%).Most (62%)of the nurses were belongs to high level psychological wellbeing.  In association only demographic variable education is associated as the “p” value is 0.02. The findings suggest that the nurse have high level psychological wellbeing though the poor working conditions and others factors.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Nursing is a profession to serve the humanity. Nurses take care of individuals, families and communities. High levels of occupational stress and burnout among all the profession including nurses is a global problem. Job stress and burnout in hospital employees: comparisons of different medical professions in a regional hospital in Taiwan results showed that, the prevalence of high work-related burnout from among nurses was (66%). It is highest compare with other health care professional [1]. Nurses are indispensable to the healthcare system and their well-being and work performance has a considerable effect on the quality of hospital healthcare. These issues will inevitably have negative effects on patients' health [2].

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Work stress and psychological well-being among the nursing profession. A survey research method was adopted in which a questionnaire, nurses (n = 1,043) of different grades participated in this study. The tool used was a work stress measure (ie, the nursing stress inventory) and GHQ-12 was incorporated in a questionnaire which also contained items on subject's background information. Results showed that the eight areas of work stress identified were found to be negatively related to psychological well-being of the nurses, with stronger effects on anxiety and depression than sense of adequacy [3]. Psychological wellbeing is an essential aspect for an individual especially nurses. Psychological wellbeing of nurses may affect the patient care, patient nurse relationship and other healthcare professionals.   The happiness and job satisfaction is very poor/low in nursing staff, so that research selected this topic to assess the psychological well-being among nurses [4].

 

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A study to Assess the psychological well being among nurses in selected hospitals/nursing institutions in pune.

 

OBJECTIVES:

1    To assess psychological well being among the nurses.

2    To associate the findings with selected demographic variables.

 

ASSUMPTION:

Nurses may have positive psychological wellbeing.

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

The research design adopted for present study is non experimental descriptive survey design. Non probability convenient sampling was adopted. Sample Size was 200. Research variable was psychological wellbeing.

 

Sampling criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

The Study Will Include All Kinds of Nursing Staff Working In Hospital As Well As In Colleges or School

Staffs those are willing to participate in the Research Study.

 

Exclusion Criteria:

Nursing Staff with Less than 2years of Experience

Nursing Staff Who Are Present On The Day Of Data Collection.

 

TOOL:

Section I - Demographic Data

Section II - Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales (PWB), Has 6 Dimensions [5,6].

 

Scores Interpretation: 

Very Low: < 20

Low:  20-40

Average: 40-60

High: 60-80

Very High: > 80

 

DATA COLLECTION:

Formal and Written Permission from Various Hospitals and College of Nursing from Pune.

 

Explanation and Written Consent from the Sample about the Research Study

Instructions were given to fill up the Tool.

 

Validity, Reliability and Pilot Study:

In Validity, content validity from 11 experts, psychologist, psychiatrist, mental health nursing and statistician.

 

Reliability was done by using chornboh’s alpha = 0.09. The value shows that the tool is highly reliable.

Pilot Study was conducted from 20 samples, the pilot study is found to be feasible to conduct main study.

 

DATA ANALYSIS:

Data analysis was done as per objectives. Coding and Tabulation of the Scores. Statistical Calculation Using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

In table 1 shows that demographic data in most of the sample belong to categories of age 25-40 years (65%), in gender female (83.5%), education GNM (36%), in designation staff nurse (64%), experience 2-5 years and 5-8 years (26%) and Hindu religion (80%). Figure 2 explains that Most (62%) of the nurses were belongs to high level psychological wellbeing. Figure 3 explains about the dimensions of psychological wellbeing among sample it shows that in the dimensions the sample belongs to average level. In table 2shows that association only demographic variable education is associated as the “p” value is 0.02.

 

Table no 1: Distribution of sample according to demographic data frequency and percentage =200

Demographic data		f	%
1. Age (Yrs)	below 25	10	5
	25-40	129	64.5
	40-55	38	19
	above 55	23	12.5
2. Gender	Female	167	83.5
	Male	29	14.5
3. Designation	C.I	14	07
	In Charge	33	12.5
	Matron	5	2.5
	Principal	5	2.5
	Staff Nurse	128	64
	Professor	15	7.5
4. Education	GNM	72	36
	BSC	35	17.5
	PBBSC	59	24.5
	MSC	24	12
	PHD	10	05
5. Experience (Yrs)	02-05	53	26.5
	05-08	52	26
	08-11	24	12
	11-14	23	11.5
	Above14	38	19
5. A. Clinical (Yrs)	02-05	78	39
	05-08	47	23.5
	08-11	19	09.5
	11-14	28	14
	Above14	28	14
5. B. Teaching (Yrs)	02-05	15	7.5
	05-08	15	7.5
	08-11	0	0
	11-14	0	0
	Above14	10	05
6. Religion	Christian	35	17.5
	Hindu	160	80
	Muslims	05	2.5

 

 

 

n=200

 

Figure no 1: Distribution of sample according to the psychological wellbeing

 

n=200

 

Figure no 2: Distribution of sample according to the dimensions of psychological wellbeing

 

Table no 2: Association between the findings with selected demographic data =200

S. No	Demographic Data	Chi Squre		df	P Value
		Cal Value	Tab Value
1	Age	4.86	12.59	6	0.56
2	Gender	1.49	5.99	2	0.47
3	Designation	7.19	18.31	10	0.70
4	Education	17.36	15.53	8	0.02*
5	Experience (Yrs)	4.792	15.53	8	0.77
6	Religion	4.512	5.99	2	0.10

 

IMPLICATIONS:

This research finding can be implemented in nursing education, nursing service, nursing administration, nursing research and mental health nursing. Psychological wellbeing among nurses may be maintained by awareness program, in the form of continuous nursing education program like workshop on stress management, team management, also implementing strategies like improvement working conditions, remuneration etc [7].

 

CONCLUSION:

The findings suggest that the nurse have high level psychological wellbeing though the poor working conditions and others factors. This helps in patient care and patient nurse relationship and other healthcare professionals.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Chou L, Li C, Hu SCJob stress and burnout in hospital employees: comparisons of different medical professions in a regional hospital in Taiwan BMJ Open 2014;4: e004185. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004185

2.      Letvak, S., Ruhm, C. J. & McCoy, T. Depression in hospital-employed nurses. Clinical nurse specialist CNS 26, 177–182 (2012).

3.      Boey KW, Chan KB, Ko YC, Goh LG, Lim GC Work stress and psychological well-being among the nursing profession in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 1997 Jun;38(6):256-60. PMID:9294339

4.      Nakao, M. Work-related stress and psychosomatic medicine. BioPsychoSocial medicine 4, 4 (2010).

5.      Ryff, C.D., & Singer, B. (1998). The contours of positive human health. Psychological Inquiry, 9, 1-28.

6.      https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-4321924931/psychological-well-being-of-nursing-staff-employed

7.      https://www.collegianjournal.com/article/S1322-7696(13)00028-0/fulltext

 

 

 

Received on 18.09.2019          Modified on 12.10.2019

Accepted on 29.11.2019     © A&V Publications all right reserved